Kokiri Sword — Crawl through the small hole in the training area at the top of Kokiri Forest, dodge the rolling boulder in the maze, and open the chest at the dead end.
Master Sword — Place the three Spiritual Stones on the altar in the Temple of Time, play the Song of Time, and pull the sword from its pedestal. This jumps you seven years forward.
Giant's Knife — Bought from Medigoron in Goron City for 200 Rupees. Strong, but the blade snaps after a handful of hits, so it is mostly a stepping stone to the Biggoron's Sword.
Biggoron's Sword — Hand the Claim Check to Biggoron at the summit of Death Mountain after three in-game days (or after a quick time skip with the Sun's Song). The strongest sword, unbreakable, but it needs both hands so no shield.
Deku Shield — Sold in the Kokiri Shop for 40 Rupees. Collect Rupees from the grass and rocks around the village. It burns if it touches fire, so swap it out when you can.
Hylian Shield — Sold at the Kakariko Bazaar and the Market Bazaar for 80 Rupees. Free alternative: as a child, pull back the gravestone with flowers in front of it in the Graveyard and drop into the hole beneath; the shield waits in a chest.
Mirror Shield — Found in the Spirit Temple's adult half, in the chest you reach after reflecting sunlight through the statue room. Reflects beams and resists fire.
Goron Tunic — Stop the rolling Goron in Goron City with a bomb (he is Darunia's son, also named Link); he gives you the tunic free. Otherwise buy it in the Goron Shop for 200 Rupees. Required to survive the Fire Temple's heat.
Zora Tunic — Melt the red ice around King Zora with Blue Fire (from the Ice Cavern) and he hands you the tunic. Otherwise buy it from the Zora Shop for 300 Rupees once the ice there is cleared. Lets you breathe underwater.
Iron Boots — Reward for beating the White Wolfos at the end of the Ice Cavern. Sinks you to the floor of any body of water. Pair with the Zora Tunic for the Water Temple.
Hover Boots — Chest after the Dead Hand fight near the start of the Shadow Temple. They let you glide briefly over gaps and traction-less floors.
Silver Gauntlets — On the Spirit Temple's left hand, reached by climbing through the adult side's first wing. Lift the grey boulders that block the Spirit Temple and Zora's Fountain.
Golden Gauntlets — In Ganon's Castle, after the Shadow Trial, use the Hover Boots/Lens area to reach the chest. Let you lift the huge black pillars.
Silver Scale — Win the diving minigame behind the Zora waterfall by collecting all five Rupees in time (20 Rupees to play). Doubles your dive depth.
Golden Scale — Catch a fish of about 13 pounds or heavier at the Fishing Pond as an adult. Dive even deeper; needed for one Piece of Heart and a convenient route into the lab.
Adult's Wallet (200) — Reward in the House of Skulltula in Kakariko once you have 10 Gold Skulltula Tokens.
Giant's Wallet (500) — Reward in the House of Skulltula at 30 Gold Skulltula Tokens.
Bomb Bag — Chest in Dodongo's Cavern after the first big room; this is what lets you carry bombs at all.